Polish companies have spent years operating in an environment shaped by economic volatility, regulatory change, labour shortages, geopolitical risks and repeated disruptions to supply chains. While these conditions have made doing business more difficult, they may also have created an important competitive advantage: a generation of executives accustomed to making fast decisions, managing uncertainty and continuously adapting their organisations to changing conditions.
A record 1.13 million foreign nationals were working in Poland at the end of February 2026, around 75,000 more than a year earlier. Foreign labour is becoming an increasingly important part of the country’s workforce, particularly in manufacturing, logistics, construction and business support services. Ukrainian nationals remain by far the largest group, accounting for nearly 68% of all foreign workers.
At the end of 2025, 956,936 Ukrainian residents were covered by temporary protection in Poland. Although the total was slightly lower than a year earlier, the demographic structure changed significantly. The number of working-age men continued to rise, the female population declined and economically active age groups accounted for a larger share of the total — a shift that could have important consequences for Polish employers.
Polish companies have spent years operating in an environment shaped by economic volatility, regulatory change, labour shortages, geopolitical risks and repeated disruptions to supply chains. While these conditions have made doing business more difficult, they may also have created an important competitive advantage: a generation of executives accustomed to making fast decisions, managing uncertainty and continuously adapting their organisations to changing conditions.
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