Debt collection companies operating in Poland ended 2025 with a combined net profit of PLN 1.6 billion, an increase of 8.3% compared with the previous year. According to Statistics Poland, the 86 companies covered by the survey accepted 6.7 million new receivables worth PLN 34.2 billion during the year, while the total value of their active portfolios reached PLN 211.4 billion at the end of 2025.
Statistics Poland has published its annual report on the activities of debt collection companies in 2025. The survey covered 86 entities, including 50 limited liability companies, 18 joint-stock companies and 18 businesses operating under other legal forms.
Together, the companies employed 6,450 people at the end of the year. Domestic capital was dominant in 66 businesses, while foreign capital prevailed in the remaining 20.
Consumers Dominate by Case Numbers, Companies by Value
Consumer receivables accounted for 88.6% of all cases accepted for collection in 2025, but represented only 68% of their combined value.
The opposite was true for corporate receivables. Although they accounted for only 11.4% of the number of cases, they represented 32% of the total value.
This translates into a significant difference in the average size of an individual claim. The average value of a newly accepted consumer receivable was PLN 3,920, compared with PLN 14,359 for a corporate receivable—almost four times as much.
Receivables Accepted for Collection in 2025 and Active Portfolio at Year-End
| Category | Number of cases (million) | Value (PLN billion) | Average value per case (PLN)* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accepted for collection in 2025 | |||
| Total | 6.70 | 34.21 | 5,107 |
| Consumer receivables | 5.94 | 23.27 | 3,920 |
| Corporate receivables | 0.76 | 10.94 | 14,359 |
| Active portfolio as of 31 December 2025 | |||
| Total | 20.81 | 211.42 | 10,157 |
| Consumer receivables | 20.29 | 179.20 | 8,834 |
| Corporate receivables | 0.53 | 32.22 | 60,853 |
*The average value per case was calculated by dividing the value of receivables by the number of cases reported in Statistics Poland’s source tables.
Banks Remain the Main Source of Debt Collection Cases
Banks were by far the largest group of original creditors whose receivables were transferred for collection in 2025. They accounted for 48.5% of all cases and 61.9% of their total value.
Lending companies ranked second, representing 24.2% of the number of cases and 16.9% of their value.
Insurance companies and telecommunications operators generated large numbers of cases, but the amounts involved were relatively small. Their combined share of the total value of receivables did not exceed 5%.
Financial Results: Assets and Equity Grow Faster Than Debt
The financial analysis covered 71 companies for which debt collection was the sole or dominant area of activity and which maintained full accounting records.
Their combined assets increased from PLN 13.60 billion to PLN 15.42 billion during the year, representing growth of 13.4%. Fixed assets accounted for 87.7% of the total, primarily in the form of long-term investments, including acquired receivables portfolios recognised as company assets.
The combined equity of the analysed companies increased by 21.6%, considerably faster than liabilities and provisions, which rose by 5.7%. This indicates that internal financing played a growing role in their balance-sheet structures. At the end of 2025, equity represented 51.6% of total liabilities and equity.
Total revenue increased by 15.8% to PLN 4.20 billion, while costs rose by 15.3% to PLN 2.54 billion. As a result, net profit increased by 8.3% to PLN 1.60 billion.
Fifty of the 71 companies reported a profit, generating a combined positive result of PLN 1.63 billion. The remaining 21 businesses recorded total losses of PLN 37.5 million.
Purchases of receivables were financed primarily with internal funds, which accounted for 41.5%, and bank loans, at 31%. Corporate bonds represented 8.5% of financing, while equity capital accounted for 8%.
Financial Results of 71 Debt Collection Companies, 2024–2025
| Item | 2024 (PLN million) | 2025 (PLN million) | Annual change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total assets | 13,601 | 15,420 | +13.4% |
| Equity | 6,548 | 7,961 | +21.6% |
| Liabilities and provisions | 7,054 | 7,459 | +5.7% |
| Total revenue | 3,625 | 4,199 | +15.8% |
| Total costs | 2,202 | 2,537 | +15.3% |
| Net profit | 1,473 | 1,595 | +8.3% |
Methodological Note
The average values per case shown in the table above are the author’s own calculations, obtained by dividing the value of receivables by the number of cases reported in Statistics Poland’s source tables. They are not separate indicators published directly by Statistics Poland.
There is also a discrepancy in the source data between the total number and value of receivables accepted for collection shown in Tables 1 and 4—6.70 million cases worth PLN 34.21 billion—and the totals classified by original creditor in Table 6, which amount to 6.94 million cases worth PLN 35.74 billion.
The difference of exactly 237,900 cases with a combined value of PLN 1.53 billion corresponds to receivables accepted on behalf of external investment funds. Statistics Poland excludes these cases from the main total in Tables 1 and 4, where they are marked with an asterisk, but includes them in the breakdown by original creditor in Table 6.
All calculations presented in this article are based on the detailed source XLS file, which provides full numerical precision. The summary PDF report contains only rounded values.
Key Findings
The debt collection industry’s net profit increased by 8.3% year on year in 2025 to approximately PLN 1.6 billion. Revenue grew faster than profit, rising by 15.8%.
The active receivables portfolio, valued at PLN 211.4 billion, was more than six times larger than the value of new cases accepted during 2025, which stood at PLN 34.2 billion. This reflects the accumulation of portfolios purchased in previous years.
Corporate receivables accounted for only 11.4% of all new cases but represented 32% of their total value. The average corporate case was nearly four times larger than the average consumer case.
Banks remained the largest source of debts transferred for collection, accounting for 61.9% of the value of receivables accepted in 2025.
The industry’s financing structure also shifted towards greater use of equity. The equity of the 71 analysed companies increased by 21.6%, more than three times faster than liabilities and provisions, which rose by 5.7%.
Source: CEO.com.pl, based on Statistics Poland data
