Last week, the Ministry of Digital Affairs presented the Polish language model PLLuM. The Polish Large Language Model is a family of artificial intelligence models that enable the processing and generation of texts in Polish. This marks a groundbreaking step in the country’s digitalization, potentially transforming the functioning of public administration. As a virtual assistant in the mObywatel app, PLLuM will guide users through the application, while as an intelligent administrative assistant, it will automate document processing.
“We want AI and other technologies to be integrated into mObywatel as well as on gov.pl websites. Our goal is to create an assistant, a chatbot, that will help users navigate the application. mObywatel offers an increasing number of functions, and the GOV websites are equally extensive, making it easy to get lost. That’s why we need an assistant capable of guiding users through the app and providing access to information,” said Pamela Krzypkowska, Director of the Research and Innovation Department at the Ministry of Digital Affairs, in an interview with Newseria.
At the end of February, the Ministry of Digital Affairs announced the launch of PLLuM, the Polish Large Language Model. Thanks to architectures such as MoE (Mixture of Experts) and RAG (Retrieval Augmented Generation), it enables precise content generation and processing in Polish. Developed by Polish IT specialists and linguists, these models will support the development of digital competencies and innovations in public administration and business. PLLuM stands out from other language models as it is specifically tailored to the characteristics of the Polish language and the terminology used in public administration.
PLLuM is also flexible and scalable, utilizing between 8 and 70 billion parameters. Smaller versions are faster and suitable for scenarios where response speed is more critical than precision. Larger models, on the other hand, offer greater accuracy and contextual coherence in understanding Polish. The Ministry explains that PLLuM is built on ethically sourced data—commercial versions use text resources from licensed owners, as well as legally permissible datasets in accordance with Polish copyright law and EU regulations to develop a fully open model.
PLLuM will provide advanced solutions for public administration, further supporting Poland’s digital transformation. It aims to enhance mObywatel, which currently offers 19 e-services. The AI assistant will help users obtain public information.
“The idea is to have a chatbot assistant that will help with various types of information available in the application,” explains Pamela Krzypkowska. “Tests haven’t been conducted yet, but everyone is eagerly waiting for this functionality to become available. Then, users will be able to ask the assistant, for example, how to fill out a form correctly, where to find penalty points, or information about the validity of their ID card.”
So far, the development of PLLuM has been managed by a consortium of six entities: Wrocław University of Science and Technology, the Institute of Computer Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), the Institute of Slavic Studies PAN, the National Research Institute (NASK), the Information Processing Center, and the University of Łódź. In 2025, the Central IT Center and ACK Cyfronet AGH will join the project. The consortium’s leader, HIVE – the AI Security Research Center at NASK – will coordinate PLLuM’s implementation in public administration services. To date, 14.5 million PLN has been allocated to the project. Now, the Ministry of Digital Affairs will grant the consortium an additional 19 million PLN, enabling new partners to deploy the model within public administration. The intelligent administrative assistant will automate document processing, content analysis, information retrieval, and responding to citizen inquiries.
“We hope to begin the first implementations this year, including mUrzędnik. In 2024, we tested it at the Ministry of Digital Affairs, meaning our staff has already undergone initial training on how to work with such an administrative assistant. We aim to scale this further, not only to central government offices but also to local government offices and municipal centers,” says a ministry representative.
Another intended application for PLLuM is education—the tool will facilitate the development of educational applications, translations, and support teachers in conducting engaging lessons using new technologies.
The use of PLLuM across various sectors—from education and administration to the private sector—encourages the creation of modern solutions that strengthen Poland’s position among AI development leaders. Together with the Bielik.AI model, which supports training processes and further data acquisition, PLLuM promotes artificial intelligence “made in Poland.”
“We now have not just one but an entire family of models—Bielik and PLLuM. Importantly, we are planning collaboration and joint data acquisition so that these models can cooperate, leverage their skills, and support each other in becoming an even better family of Polish language models,” announces Pamela Krzypkowska.
